Photographic camera.



No. 835,127. PATENTED NOV. 6, 1906. L. BORSUM.

PHOTOGRAPHIO CAMERA.

APPLICATION FILED DEC- 5, 1905.

2 8HBET8SHEET 1.

WITNESSES f lNVENTOI? I t 4 W h? 5 I gum-m2 l b M No. 835,127. In SUM,

PHOTOGRAPHIG CAMERA APPLICATION FILED D30. 5. 1905.

PATBNTED NOV. 6, 1906 BfKBETB-BHBET 2.

III'IIIIIIIIIIIIIII" r I I Q F V I &

WITNESSES of; INVENTOR mm wwd g w/ A TTORNE Y PATENT OFFICE. 1

UNITED STATES To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS Bonsrm, a citizen of the United States, residing at Plain.- field, county of Union, State of New Jersey, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Photographic Cameras, of which the following is a specification; g This invention comprises improvements in and re ating to photographic-camera focalplane shutters. Its primary object is to afford asimple ready means of adjusting the slit from the exterior of the camera-box. For this purpose adjusting-tapes connected to or adjacent the respective ends of the edge of one shutter-section (usually the lower one) attached to the spring-roll pass along the edges of the other shutter-section to pulleyscapable at will-of being rotated independently of the upper shutter-roll, the

organization being such that the upper shutterlies flat and is not disturbed by movementsof the tapes in adjusting the slit or shutter-opening. To this end the shuttersection along which the tapes pass has novel characteristics hereinafter set forth. Preferably the adj usting-pulleys, to which the adjusting-tapes are attached, are located within the upper shutter-roll, but are capable of being connected with or disconnected therefrom for independent rotation.

The-foregoing, as well as other important features of this invention, are fully set forth in detail below.

V In the accompanying drawings ,which illus-' trate one embodiment of' this invention demonstrated by experience to be practical and efficient, Figure 1 is a rear elevation of a focal-plane shutter andthe frame or support in which it is mounted; Fig. 2, an elevation of the left-hand side'of Fig. 1; Fi 3, an elevation of the right-hand side wit a slit-adustment-indicating-disk applied thereto; ig. 4, a longitudinal section through the upper shutter-roll and associated parts; Fig. 5, a detail sectional view on line 5 5 of Fig. .4, illustrating a locking device that prevents adjustment of the slit except when the shutter is down; Fig. 6, a detail sectional view on line 6 6' of Fig. 4, showing the usual retention and trippEi ng pawl applied to the upper shutter-roll; ig. 7, a detail view,"partly broken away, showing the upper shutter-section, the

. Specification of Letters Patent.

- Application fil d December 6, 1906- Serial No. 290.387.

Patented Nov. 6, 1906.

roll to which it is attached, and the slit-adjusting tapes; Fig. 8, a side elevation or edge view of a diagrammatic character indicating the upper shutter-section, and Fig. 9 a view of like character showing a transverse section through the upper shutter-section.

Figs. 1,2, and 3 show the shutter applied to a type of camera known in the trade as the Reflex. It has a mirror contained in a frame a,"'arranged at an angle of forty-five degrees, that reflects the focused image u wardl upon a horizontal ound glass int e top 0 the camera-box. 'en an exposuse is made, this frame is tripped, and in rising out of the path of the light cone a lug b thereon strikes the tail of the detent and tripping pawl 0, applied to a ratchet d, Fig. 6, fast on the roll 6 of the upper shutter-section. f indicates the usual spring-roll, the tension of which may be varied at will, 9 the lower shutter-section applied thereto, and hthe upper shutter-section. The general 0 eration of all the devices thus far indicate is well understood. Ad'ustments of the shutter-slit are determine by rotation of a gear 4, gearing with pinion 7' on the shaft of the upper shutter-section. Theside of the gear 6 is engraved with characters indicating the width class is not illustrated.

The construction in detail and the special form of shutter as here shown are as follows: The upper shutter-roll e is normally locked to its s aft k by a two-part clutch m, one member being fast to the interior of the roll and the otherto the shaft k, movable endwise to separate the clutch members, normally held in engagement by a coiled spring n, surrounding the shaft. The ends of roll 6 are closed by bushings 0 p, in which shaft is has bearings. The release-ratchet d is shown as formed integrally with bushing 0, between the inner end of which and the end of spring n is interposed a flanged pulley q, s lined as indicated or otherwise to shaft Between the end of the other bushing and that member of the clutch secured to t e roll is located really forming a part thereof, and rotatable with roll 6 is secured a sleeve 1', extendi be yond the end of the roll and provided with a radial tooth or projection s, cooperating with a geared or toothed wheel 13, mounted on a;

stud-shaft t. a

The shaft k at sleeve 9" is reduced in diameter or has an annular groove k,-of suita-blewidth longitudinally, adapted to receive a pivoted locking plate or dog a, mounted on the side of the frame and normally urged toward the shaft by a spring. When the shutter is wound upon the upperroll, a pin it on the side of the'sto -gear t asses out of engagement with the atch or 0g u and permits 1t to enter the groove is in the. shaft, therebypreventing endwise movement of the latter whenever the shutter. is wound or being wound preliminarily to being tripped to make an exposure.

The slit-adjustin ta es 1) v are attached. to

the, edge strip of t ev ower shutter-section near its ends and pass upwardly along the up-.- pershutter-section h andthrough slots 'v 1) 1n the u per shutter-roll to the. pulleys q q, to which, respectively, they are; attached. The upper shutter-section at its upper corners is cut away, so that the tapes will have unimpeded and unobstructed entrance or.

movement in the slots '0, and intermediate the.

cut-away'corners the shutter is applied to or. If the upper shutter; section, while being sufliciently flexible to be.

wound around its roll.

wound upon its roll and yet have sulficient stability or. steadiness. to properly descend. when the shutter is tripped and to .retainl form without dis lacementor distortion when. the tapes move a ong it in adjusting the shutter-slit, it will be obvious that when the shutter is down and shaft 7c moved endwise. to

separate the .members of clutch m the, pul-- leys g g may be rotated to adjust the shutter slit or openin and thereafter the shutter may be woun and tripped in the. ordinary way. To permit of this operation, theupper shutter-section is so constructed. that it Will.

be flexible enoughto properly bewound upon its roll and yet stiff enough to drop. in the ordinary way when the shutter is tripped and retain its shape and position when the. adj justing-tapes are manipulated Withthe shut ter down. A shutter-section. having .these characteristics may no doubt bemade in .va-..

rious ways by those skilled in such matters.

A construction shown by ex erience to .be, most satlsfactory is illustrate in detail in.

Figs. 7, 8, and 9. The adjusting-tapes occupy,

and move in passages or channels formed. in.

the body of the upper shutter-section,entering, the same at the lower edge and leaving it at the u per cut-away corners, passing thence into t e slots 1; and. to ulle'ys q to which. they are attached. Thi construotionisconsidered to bethe-mostsatw the . ciples ofth-isinvention.- I

winding. and unwinding of the shutter-sec 'sspecia feature ofv isfactory and desirable way of making .the shutter.

To give the shutter the described characteristics, I employ a series of closely-placed transverse slats 21/,- preferably made of very 'thin sheet metal, that may be steel-say of fourone thousandths inch thickness-cemented to a piece of fabric as as wide as the slats are longand over which is cemented a layer of fabric y ofless width. Cemented to sponding. in dimensions. and material witht Finally, a sheet 2 ofe adjusting-tapes-o. fabric is cemented to this latterface of the shutter, andits extended sides 3 are folded over upon and cemented to the. other side of the shutter. The described constructionof the upper shutter-section h is most efficient, but may no doubtbe. varied by those skilled in-the. art Without departin from the priniave found that tion It upon its. roll e is im roved if the. fab rics are cut on the. bias. T is is indicated by the shaded lines applied to the under face of the. fabric a: showing at the turned-up corner thereofin Fig. 7, also by shaded lines a pear-. ing in thisfi I e .u on the. sheet-of fa ric 2. Experience slib ws. t atthegear. t. acts somewhat asa governor-and facilitates the even regular fall orv drop ofthe shutter. As an additional. meansofcontrolling the. time of exposure I provide. a vane or. blade 3.

formed with a hub 4, which for convenience of attachment to. theup er-roll shaft is is internally screw-threads to screw upon .the head orknob 5 on theend ofthe shaft.

In a device of this character the use of a vane. forretarding the. traverse of the shutter past the exposure-opening of the camera is not. nv this construction, however, the mam body ofthe vane is provided with'iexr tensible end pieces 6, shown as pivoted thereto at 7, so that. the; effective area of the-vane may bethat of the central part. or body only or may be increased-at either. or .bothendsvbypartially onentirely swin 'sion-pieces 6 into .paralle ism with-themam bod. orblade..-- In 1 the dottedlines at the. ottom of the vaneindicate the swinging out of theextensionon that end of the blade.

In 2 the .dottedlines at the end ofithe.v

blade indicate theswinging, out ofboth ex.- tensions. Inthisway an .adjustrnentiof .the.

resistance which themaneopppmsto the de side of the. shutter.-

. out .the. exten..

scent of the shutter may be. had. I have the shutter is down and the s it-adjusting pulleys are rotated, tension exerted by the spring-roll upon the adjusting-strips entering the slots '0' in the up er r0 1 prevents rotation of the latter roll should there be such friction between it and its shaft and pulleys as might tend to revolve it.

I claim as my invention 1. A focal-plane shutter comprising two sections, one of which, while ada ted to wind and unwind from its roll, is re atively stiff and stable as compared with the other one.

2. A focal-plane shutter comprisin a relatively stiff or stable section and a re atively flexible one combined with means for adjusting the opening or slit between their contiguous edges.

3. In a focallane shutter, two shuttersections each a apted to Wind or unwind from its roll and one of which is relatively stifi or stable, slit-adjusting tapes attached to the other section and passing along the relatively stiff or stable section, rotatable members around which such tapes ass and means for at will rotatin them to a just the.

slit or opening between t e edges of the shutter-sectlons' 4. In a focallane shutter, two shuttersections each a apted to wind and unwind from its rolland one of which is relatively stiff or stable, slit-adjusting tapes attached to the other section and passing along the relatively stiff or stable section, rotatable members around which such tapes pass, means for at will rotatin them to adjust the slit or opening between t eedges of the shutter-sectlons, means normally connecting the roll of a shutter-section and said rotatable members and means for disconnecting them when the rotatable members are to be rotated to adjust the slit.

5. A focal-plane shutter having means for adjusting theslit between the shutter-sec section and passing adjacent its ed es.

v 7. A focal-p ane shutter having two shutter-sections and means for-adjusting the slit along the slatted section between them comprising a shutter-section composed of transverse slats and flexible fabric uniting them, the fabric being applied so as to form tape passage-ways, whereby the section is rendered relatively stiff or stable and yet is adapted to be wound upon and unwound from its roll, adjusting-tapes attached to the other shutter-section and passing through the passage-ways formed by the fabric in the slatted shutter-section.

8. A focal-plane shutter having means for adjusting the slit between the two shuttersections, comprising a relatively stiff or stable shutter-section, adjusting-tapes having corresponding ends secured to the other shuttersection and slidably passing along the stiff section, and winding devices to which the other ends of the tapes are attached.

9. A focal-plane shutter having two sections, one of which is formed of transverse slats flexibly united by fabric cut on the bias and applied to the front and rear faces of the slats, and means for adjusting the slit between the sections.

10. A focal-plane shutter having two sections, one of which is formed of transverse slats flexibly united by fabric cut on the bias and applied to the front and rear faces of the slats so as to leave tape passage-ways adjacent the edges of said section, and adjustingtapes applied to the other shutter-section and passing through said passage-ways.

adjusting-tapes applied to the other shutter- 11. In a focal-plane shutter, the combinaor stable shutter-section attached to the roll and having passage-ways therein, another shutter-section, its spring-roll, and tapes attached to said section passing through the passage-ways in the stiff section and attached to said pulleys whereby when the shaft of the upper shutter-roll is moved endwise the c utchmembers are separated and the pulleys may be independently rotated to adjust the shutter-slit.

12. In a focal-plane shutter, the combination of the upper shutter-roll, its shaft, cooperating clutch members carried respectively by the roll and shaft and normally springheld in engagement, pulleys carried by the shaft within the roll with reference to which the shaft is capable of'endwise movement to separate the clutch members, a relatively stiif o1 stmbl'e'shutter sectimi ettachefl tothe te'r' slit, and means fer IbeI Ei'ng the shaft 10 roll' and having passageways-therein, another against endwise movement except when the shutter-section, its s rin roll', tapes attached shutter is in down or tri ped position.

to said section assmg t ongh' the passage5- In testimony Wh'ereb I have heieunto'subwayein the s'ti section and attached to said scribed my-name. I

pulleys whereby when the shaft of the upper' LOUIS BORSUM. shutter r'oll is moved end'wise the clutch Witnesses: 4 members are se mated am the pulleys may L; F. BROWNING,

be independent yrota-ted to adjust the shut- E. F. WI'GKST 

